What is sudden contraction?
Introduction. The sudden contraction in the area/diameter of a fluid jet after it emerges from a circular aperture in a pressurized reservoir is called as vena contracta. Coefficient of contraction is the ratio of the cross sectional area of the jet at the vena contracta to the area of the orifice.
What is the effect of sudden contraction in pipe line?
The flow of fluid through a contraction (decrease in pipe diameter) results in an increase in the velocity and consequently, a pressure drop greater than the value for the equivalent straight pipe.
What is sudden expansion?
A sudden expansion occurs whenever a smaller duct is joined to a larger duct. In this lab, you will study the behavior of air flowing through a sudden expansion.
What is contraction coefficient?
Definition of coefficient of contraction physics. : the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the first vena contracta to the area of the discharge aperture.
What is head loss due to sudden contraction?
(b) Loss of head due to sudden contraction:- Water is flowing from large diameter pipe to smaller diameter pipe as shown in figure. The loss of head. due to sudden contraction is actually due to sudden enlargement from vena-contracta. If Cc = 0.62 then hc = 0.375 V2 2 /2g.
What is the head loss for flow with sudden enlargement and sudden contraction?
Head loss due to sudden contraction=head loss upto vena contracta + head loss due to sudden enlargement. Due to sudden enlargement turbulent eddies are formed at the corner of the enlargement of the pipe section.
What is the head loss formula for sudden contraction?
Head loss due to sudden contraction=head loss upto vena contracta + head loss due to sudden enlargement.
What is the loss of head due to sudden enlargement?
Loss of head due to sudden enlargement: This is the energy loss due to sudden enlargement. Sudden enlargement in the diameter of pipe results in the formation of eddies in the flow at the corners of the enlarged pipe (Fig. 1). This results in the loss of head across the fitting.
What happens to the head loss when the flow rate is doubled?
Explanation: If the flow rate is doubled, the head loss increases by a factor of four. Since, the head loss is directly proportional to the square of the flow rate.
Why is coefficient of contraction important?
The coefficient of contraction Cc is an important parameter for accurate discharge measurement in open channels. The Cc and Cv values under free and submerged flow conditions are obtained from the measured jet velocity and the discharge.
Why is the loss more in a sudden expansion than sudden contraction?
Explanation: Loss Due To Sudden Expansion: It is a type of minor loss at the end of a pipe or when smaller diameter pips meet large diameter pipe due to sudden enlargement in the area of flow. It is larger than loss due to sudden contraction because Eddies are formed at the entrance of a large diameter pipe.
