Where can alexandrium Tamarense be found?
Alexandrium tamarense is mostly found in coastal cold temperate waters of North America, Europe and Japan (Smithsonian 2011). It is broadly distributed in the North Atlantic and southern North Sea (Kraberg et al. 2010).
Where do Alexandrium catenella come from?
These organisms have been found in the west coast of North America, Japan, Australia, and parts of South Africa. Alexandrium catenella can occur in single cells (similar to A.
Why is Alexandrium spp harmful?
By producing potent neurotoxins, known as saxitoxins (STXs), A. fundyense is responsible for outbreaks of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP), which is potentially fatal to humans (Llewellyn, 2006).
What is alexandrium SPP?
Alexandrium is a genus of dinoflagellates. It contains some of the dinoflagellate species most harmful to humans, because it produces toxic harmful algal blooms (HAB) that cause paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) in humans.
Is alexandrium a phytoplankton?
Multiple species of phytoplankton are known to produce saxitoxin, including at least 10 other species from the genus Alexandrium….
| Alexandrium tamarense | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| (unranked): | Alveolata |
| Phylum: | Dinoflagellata |
| Class: | Dinophyceae |
What toxin does alexandrium produce?
saxitoxin
The dinoflagellate alga Alexandrium fundyense produces a suite of potent neurotoxins (saxitoxin and its derivatives) resulting in Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP). PSP is known to impair physiological functions in bivalve molluscs and copepods.
Is alexandrium Catenella photosynthetic?
The wide posterior sulcal plate houses the pap near the right margin (Fukuyo, 1985, Fukuyo et al., 1985, Fukuyo et al., 1990, Hallegraeff, 1991, Taylor et al., 1995, Steidinger and Tangen, 1996). Morphology and Structure: A. catenella is a photosynthetic species with numerous yellow-green to orange-brown chloroplasts.
What is the scientific name for alexandrium Catenella?
Alexandrium catenella
Alexandrium catenella/Scientific names
What causes Alexandrium blooms?
Alexandrium blooms occur seasonally and are influenced by a multitude of abiotic conditions from temperature, salinity, nutrient availability and even weather patterns. They also are impacted by biological factors including predation, infection from viruses, bacteria, parasites or cell encystment.
Is alexalexandrium tamarense a toxin-producing species?
Alexandrium tamarense, identified by morphological criteria, was observed to have a widespread distribution around the coast. Both toxin- and non toxin-producing strains of this species were isolated, suggesting the presence of A. tamarense Groups I and III.
Where can I find Alexandrium in the UK?
Marine Scotland Science, Marine Laboratory, 375 Victoria Road, Aberdeen, AB11 9DB, UK (Received 15 May 2009; revised 14 April 2010; accepted 18 May 2010) Alexandrium is detected throughout Scottish coastal waters on a near annual basis, and corresponding paralytic shellfish
Is Alexandrium ostenfeldii native to Shetland?
Alexandrium ostenfeldii was isolated from the east coast and Shetland Isles and was observed to produce both spirolide and PSP toxins. Alexandrium tamutum was identified from cultures isolated from Shetland and Orkney, the most northerly observation of this species to date.
Do Alexandrium cysts have low Abun-dances?
Low abun- dances of Alexandrium cysts were observed along the west coast. Four species of Alexandrium (A. tamarense, A. ostenfeldii, A. minutum and A. tamutum) were established in laboratory culture and identified using morphological criteria.
