What is the etiological agent of rubella?

What is the etiological agent of rubella?

ETIOLOGICAL AGENT: The rubella virus (a togavirus), contains RNA and an envelope. It replicates in the cytoplasm.

Are German measles teratogenic?

The major complication of rubella is its teratogenic effects when pregnant women contract the disease, especially in the early weeks of gestation. The virus can be transmitted to the fetus through the placenta and is capable of causing serious congenital defects, abortions, and stillbirths.

Is measles common in pregnancy?

Most women of childbearing age either have had the disease or have been immunized against it as children. Even if you’re not immune, the risk that you might contract measles is relatively low most of the time, since the majority of people are immune and are unlikely to come down with the disease in the first place.

Why are German measles called German measles?

Rubella was distinguished from a more serious infectious disease, measles, or rubeola, in the early 19th century. It came to be called German measles in the latter part of the 19th century when the disease was closely studied by German physicians.

What is the causative agent of mumps?

The Virus. Mumps is a viral illness caused by a paramyxovirus, a member of the Rubulavirus family.

What is the pathophysiology of measles?

The Pathophysiology of Measles The measles virus is transmitted by air as droplets infect the respiratory system; it is manifested in a widespread skin rash. The measles virus is transmitted via the respiratory route and replicates in the nasopharynx and regional lymph nodes within 2 to 3 days after exposure.

What is rubella in pregnancy?

Rubella is a contagious viral infection best known by its distinctive red rash. It’s also called German measles or three-day measles. While this infection may cause mild symptoms or even no symptoms in most people, it can cause serious problems for unborn babies whose mothers become infected during pregnancy.

What is rubella test in pregnancy?

A rubella test is usually done for a woman who is or wants to become pregnant to determine whether she is at risk for rubella. Several laboratory methods can be used to detect rubella antibodies in the blood. The most commonly used method is the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA, EIA).

How does German measles affect pregnancy?

Pregnant women who contract rubella are at risk for miscarriage or stillbirth, and their developing babies are at risk for severe birth defects with devastating, lifelong consequences. CRS can affect almost everything in the developing baby’s body.

Did the German measles originated in Germany?

In April 2015 the World Health Organization declared the Americas free of rubella transmission. The name “rubella” is from Latin and means little red. It was first described as a separate disease by German physicians in 1814 resulting in the name “German measles”….

What is causative organism of syphilis?

BACKGROUND. CAUSATIVE AGENTS. Syphilis is a chronic infectious disease caused by the spirochaete Treponema pallidum. Syphilis is usually transmitted by sexual contact or from mother to infant, although endemic syphilis is transmitted by non-sexual contact in communities living under poor hygiene conditions.