How do you administer IV phenytoin?
Phenytoin IV administration
- Give phenytoin over 30-40 minutes (rate <50mg/minute).
- Ideally, administer undiluted via a syringe pump through a large gauge needle or IV catheter into a large forearm vein.
Can you push IV phenytoin?
Available drug information confirmed that a nurse may administer phenytoin by IV push in the critical care setting.
How is phenytoin served?
Swallow the extended-release capsules whole; do not split, chew, or crush them. Do not take capsules that are discolored. You may chew the chewable tablets thoroughly before swallowing them, or you may swallow them whole without chewing.
How do you give phenytoin IV to pediatrics?
IV: Administer as 5 mg/mL or more dilute to produce a 5 mg/mL solution. Withdraw 1 mL of 50 mg/mL solution (50 mg) and add to 9 mL of sodium chloride 0.9% in a 10 mL syringe = 50 mg/10 mL = 5 mg/mL. If dose is greater than 50 mg, use double quantities.
When do you draw phenytoin levels?
Levels can be drawn at the point of admission, regardless of the patient’s normal dosing time. In normal healthy subjects after dose adjustment, the phenytoin level should be drawn within six to seven days with subsequent doses of phenytoin adjusted accordingly.
What interacts with phenytoin?
Drugs Affected By Phenytoin
| Interacting Agent | Examples |
|---|---|
| Other | Corticosteroids, doxycycline, estrogens, furosemide, oral contraceptives, paroxetine, quinidine, rifampin, sertraline, theophylline, and vitamin D |
| Drugs whose level is decreased by phenytoin |
Can you push phenytoin?
Because of the risk of local toxicity, intravenous phenytoin should be injected slowly directly into a large vein through a large-gauge needle or intravenous catheter.
What should I check before giving phenytoin?
What other tests might I have along with this test?
- Complete blood count.
- Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine test to check kidney function.
- Liver function tests.
- Glucose test to measure your blood sugar, because phenytoin can cause your blood sugar to rise.
- Blood tests to measure the sodium level in your blood.
Can you take phenytoin before surgery?
The blood tests will help your doctor to decide what dose is right for you and if they need to increase or decrease your dose. Can I take phenytoin before surgery? You can take phenytoin as normal on the day of your surgery, unless your doctor or surgeon has advised you not to.
How do you draw phenytoin levels?
Drawing levels: Draw peak 30 minutes after a 30 infusion or 60 minutes after an IM injection. Draw trough just prior to next dose or at least one half-life after the peak.
What is phenytoin level test?
The phenytoin test is ordered to measure and monitor the amount of phenytoin in the blood and to determine whether drug concentrations are in the therapeutic range. It may be ordered every few days when a patient first begins taking phenytoin to help adjust the dose to the desired blood level.
Which medication classes may interfere with phenytoin?
Other medications can affect the removal of phenytoin from your body, which may affect how phenytoin works. Examples include amiodarone, azole antifungals (such as itraconazole), macrolide antibiotics (such as erythromycin), estrogens, isoniazid, rifamycins (such as rifabutin), St.
What is phenytoin injection used to treat?
Phenytoin injection is used to control certain types of seizures (convulsions) in the treatment of epilepsy. It is also used to prevent and treat seizures that occur during brain surgery. Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant that works in the brain tissue to stop seizures. Phenytoin is to be given only or under the direct supervision of a doctor.
What is the rate of administration for IV phenytoin?
For this reason, plasma phenytoin concentrations may increase modestly when IV phenytoin is substituted for oral phenytoin sodium therapy. The rate of administration for IV phenytoin should be no greater than 50 mg per minute in adults and 1-3 mg/kg/min (or 50 mg per minute, whichever is slower) in pediatric patients.
How much phenytoin is in a PE of fosphenytoin?
Fosphenytoin is dosed in phenytoin equivalents (PE) 1 PE fosphenytoin = 1 mg phenytoin sodium = 1.5 mg fosphenytoin sodium . Adults: Status Epilepticus: 18 to 20 mg PE/kg IV Repetitive seizure: 18 to 20 mg PE/kg IV Loading dose: 18 to 20 mg PE/kg given IV or IM NOTE: Loading dose in obese patients may be calculated based on the
Can phenytoin sodium injection be given with normal saline?
Phenytoin Sodium Injection can be given diluted with normal saline. The addition of parenteral Phenytoin Sodium Injection to dextrose and dextrose-containing solutions should be avoided due to lack of solubility and resultant precipitation. Treatment with Phenytoin Sodium Injection can be initiated either with a loading dose or an infusion:
